# MSYS2 Related Setting Notes ## MSYS2 Installation 参考官方网站首页引导：[https://www.msys2.org/](https://www.msys2.org/) 简要步骤 - 下载安装程序吗 - 安装，并且在安装对话框的最后一步勾选**Run MSYS2 now**（会弹出terminal窗口） - 在弹出的terminal窗口中输入 ```bash $ pacman -Syu ``` 并且在后面输入`Y`同意安装 - Run "MSYS2 MSYS" from Start menu，这个会弹出另外一个terminal窗口，并再次输入 ```bash $ pacman -Syu ``` - 安装基本的套件，比如官网上提到的 ```bash $ pacman -S --needed base-devel mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain ``` ## MSYS2 Setup ### Terminal 中文显示切换为英文 原因是由于环境变量`LANG`被设定为`zh_CN.UTF-8`。为了切换为英文状态，设定为`C.UTF-8`即可 ```bash if [[ ! -z $LANG ]] && [[ $LANG == "zh_CN.UTF-8" ]]; then export LANG="C.UTF-8" fi ``` reference page：[如何让 cygwin终端中显示的中文改成英文](https://blog.csdn.net/wb121010/article/details/53894901) ### 查看可以安装的工具套件 ```bash $ pacman -Sg ``` reference page：[Windows安装MSYS2 切换zsh_整合cmder](https://www.bbsmax.com/A/D854PQ225E/) ## MSYS2 CMake with boost ### 安装MSYS2版本的`CMake` - 要下载安装的cmake版本必须是：**`mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake`** - 这里安装的是**`mingw64/mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake`** - 搜索命令：`pacman -Ss cmake`，然后查找对应的binary - 安装命令：`pacman -S mingw64/mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake` ### 安装boost library - Boost library的安装编译命令如下 ```powershell b2.exe install --layout=system threading=multi variant=release \ link=shared toolset=gcc address-model=64 \ --build-dir="D:\procs\boost_1_79_0_src\PyradBuild" \ --prefix="D:\procs\boost_1_79_0_system" ``` 注意，这里要使用`--layout=system`，这样生成的library才会是不带有编译器版本信息等名字的，比如`libboost_filesystem.dll`。 这里指定了`--layout=system`之后，就必须同时指定`variant=release` 完成编译之后，boost的目录结构如下： ```powershell boost_1_79_0_system/ |---include/ | |---boost/ | |--- | |--- | |---lib/ |---cmake/ |--- |--- ``` ### CMakeLists.txt中设定boost library - 参考CMake帮助文档，MSYS2帮助文档： - Boost相关设定： **[FindBoost](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/module/FindBoost.html)** - CMake variables：**[cmake-variables](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-variables.7.html)** - 在MSYS2中使用CMake：**[Using CMake in MSYS2](https://www.msys2.org/docs/cmake/)** - 首先，有一些CMake的变量可以用来查看系统信息，比如 ```cmake MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] CYGWIN: " ${CYGWIN}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] MINGW: " ${MINGW}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] MSYS: " ${MSYS}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] UNIX: " ${UNIX}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] CMAKE_SYSTEM: " ${CMAKE_SYSTEM}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME: " ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR: " ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM: " ${CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM}) MESSAGE(STATUS "[PYRAD] CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_NAME: " ${CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_NAME}) ``` - 然后，因为是在Windows系统下，所以要设定如下的变量，以便CMake查找和搜索 注意，这里的路径需要设置为Windows格式的路径：`D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system` ```cmake ### Some hints for CMake to find boost set(MY_BOOST_HOME_DIR "D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system") set(BOOST_ROOT ${MY_BOOST_HOME_DIR}) set(BOOST_INCLUDEDIR ${MY_BOOST_HOME_DIR}/include) set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR ${MY_BOOST_HOME_DIR}/lib) ### Let CMake find boost libraries find_package(Boost 1.65.0 REQUIRED COMPONENTS filesystem regex) ### check if boost was found if(Boost_FOUND) include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}) message(STATUS "[PYRAD] boost library is found") message(STATUS "[PYRAD] Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}.") message(STATUS "[PYRAD] Boost_LIBRARIES = ${Boost_LIBRARIES}.") message(STATUS "[PYRAD] Boost_LIB_VERSION = ${Boost_LIB_VERSION}.") else() message (FATAL_ERROR "Cannot find Boost") endif() ``` ### 编译 - 使用中推荐的`Ninja` generator ```bash $ cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release $ cmake --build . ``` - 为了打印出来关于Boost CMake的一些debug信息，可以加入选项：`-DBoost_DEBUG=ON` ```bash $ cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBoost_DEBUG=ON $ cmake --build . ``` 其中，命令`cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBoost_DEBUG=ON`有类似如下的输出 ```bash Pyrad@SSEA MINGW64 /d/Gitee/cpp11/build $ cmake ../src/ -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBoost_DEBUG=ON -- The C compiler identification is GNU 12.1.0 -- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 12.1.0 -- Detecting C compiler ABI info -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done -- Check for working C compiler: D:/procs/msys64/mingw64/bin/cc.exe - skipped -- Detecting C compile features -- Detecting C compile features - done -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done -- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/procs/msys64/mingw64/bin/c++.exe - skipped -- Detecting CXX compile features -- Detecting CXX compile features - done -- [PYRAD] This is the BINARY directory: D:/Gitee/cpp11/build -- [PYRAD] This is the SOURCE directory: D:/Gitee/cpp11/src -- Found Boost 1.79.0 at D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/Boost-1.79.0 -- Requested configuration: QUIET REQUIRED COMPONENTS filesystem;regex -- BoostConfig: find_package(boost_headers 1.79.0 EXACT CONFIG REQUIRED QUIET HINTS D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake) -- Found boost_headers 1.79.0 at D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_headers-1.79.0 -- BoostConfig: find_package(boost_filesystem 1.79.0 EXACT CONFIG REQUIRED QUIET HINTS D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake) -- Found boost_filesystem 1.79.0 at D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_filesystem-1.79.0 -- Boost toolset is mgw12 (GNU 12.1.0) -- Scanning D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_filesystem-1.79.0/libboost_filesystem-variant*.cmake -- Including D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_filesystem-1.79.0/libboost_filesystem-variant-shared.cmake -- [x] libboost_filesystem.dll.a -- Adding boost_filesystem dependencies: atomic;headers -- Found boost_atomic 1.79.0 at D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_atomic-1.79.0 -- Boost toolset is mgw12 (GNU 12.1.0) -- Scanning D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_atomic-1.79.0/libboost_atomic-variant*.cmake -- Including D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_atomic-1.79.0/libboost_atomic-variant-shared.cmake -- [x] libboost_atomic.dll.a -- Adding boost_atomic dependencies: headers -- BoostConfig: find_package(boost_regex 1.79.0 EXACT CONFIG REQUIRED QUIET HINTS D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake) -- Found boost_regex 1.79.0 at D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_regex-1.79.0 -- Boost toolset is mgw12 (GNU 12.1.0) -- Scanning D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_regex-1.79.0/libboost_regex-variant*.cmake -- Including D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/boost_regex-1.79.0/libboost_regex-variant-shared.cmake -- [x] libboost_regex.dll.a -- Adding boost_regex dependencies: headers -- Found Boost: D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/lib/cmake/Boost-1.79.0/BoostConfig.cmake (found suitable version "1.79.0", minimum required is "1.65.0") found components: filesystem regex -- [PYRAD] boost library is found -- [PYRAD] Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS = D:/procs/boost_1_79_0_system/include. -- [PYRAD] Boost_LIBRARIES = Boost::filesystem;Boost::regex. -- [PYRAD] Boost_LIB_VERSION = 1_79. -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: D:/Gitee/cpp11/build ``` ## MSYS2 CMake with boost issues CMake FindBoost doc ([link](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.9/module/FindBoost.html)) A possible workaround/solution mentioned by flynneva - [link](https://github.com/ros-perception/vision_opencv/issues/349) Guide from MSYS2 - [link](https://www.msys2.org/docs/cmake/) Another similar issue - [link](https://github.com/giotto-ai/giotto-tda/issues/115) pacman cheatsheet - [link](https://devhints.io/pacman) MSYS is an variable of CMake - [link](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-variables.7.html) Remember that I made some changes to file `D:\procs\msys64\mingw64\share\cmake\Modules\FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake`, remember to restore it by the backup file in a same folder. ## CMake with shared library [C++动态链接库的创建与调用(Windows 10 + VSCode + CMake)](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/380045878)